Not eXactly C
                              -------------

Not eXactly C (NXC) is a high level programming language similar to NQC.
It targets the new LEGO NXT product.  Like NQC, it is available for Windows,
Mac OS X, and Linux platforms.  While NXC is not yet complete, it is very
functional, with a large API for the NXT.

The NXC language currently supports the following programming constructs:

if/else, while, do-while, repeat, for, switch, until, goto, and asm {}

break and continue are both supported within looping constructs.  return may be
used to exit a subroutine at any point, optionally returning a value to the
calling routine.

The NXC language supports global variables, local variables, tasks with no
parameters, and functions with parameters and return values.  Currently supported
variable types are:

int, short, long, byte, char, bool, unsigned short, unsigned long, unsigned int, float,
mutex, string, and arrays of all these types except mutex. (int == short).

Global variables may be initialized at the point of declaration using constants
or constant expressions.  Local variables may also be initialized at their
declaration using any type of expression (not limited to constants). 

Arrays of any dimension may be declared by adding one or more pairs of square
brackets after the variable name (int X[];).  Global arrays of one dimension may
be initialized at the point of declaration using the following syntax:

  int X[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; // 10 elements

Multi-dimensional arrays and local arrays must be initialized using the ArrayInit
API function.

Support for struct declarations and variables of type struct is included
as of beta 28.  Support for typdefs is also included as of beta 28.

NXC supports the following standard C (and NQC) operators:

+, -, *, /, %,  & (bitwise and), | (bitwise or), ^ (bitwise xor), ! (logical
not), ++ (pre and post increment), -- (pre and post decrement), <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=, =, *=, /=,
%=, +=, -=, &=, |=, ^=, &&, ||, <<, >>, <<=, >>=, ||=, and +-=.

The ?: operator is also supported.


API Functions

Here's the current list of API functions:

Acquire(mutex);
Release(mutex);
Precedes(task1, task2, ..., taskn);
Follows(task1, task2, ..., taskn);

val = ButtonCount(btn, reset);
val = ButtonPressed(btn, reset);
ReadButtonEx(btn, reset, pressed, count);

ClearSensor(port);
ResetSensor(port);
val = Sensor(port);
val = SensorUS(port);
SetSensorLight(port);
SetSensorSound(port);
SetSensorTouch(port);
SetSensorLowspeed(port);
SetSensorType(port, type);
SetSensorMode(port, mode);
SetInput(port, field, value);
val = GetInput(port, field);
val = SensorType(p);
val = SensorMode(p);
val = SensorRaw(p);
val = SensorNormalized(p);
val = SensorScaled(p);
val = SensorInvalid(p);


val = FirstTick();
val = CurrentTick();
Wait(ms);
ResetSleepTimer();

val = IOMA(num);
SetIOMA(num);
val = FreeMemory();
val = BatteryLevel();
PowerDown();
RebootInFirmwareMode();

ClearScreen();
NumOut(x, y, number, cls=false);
TextOut(x, y, string, cls=false);
GraphicOut(x, y, filename, cls=false);
GraphicOutEx(x, y, filename, vars, cls=false);
CircleOut(x, y, radius, cls=false);
LineOut(x1, y1, x2, y2, cls=false);
PointOut(x, y, cls=false);
RectOut(x, y, width, height, cls=false);
ResetScreen();

Coast(ports);
Float(ports);
Off(ports);
OnFwd(ports, power);
OnRev(ports, power);
OnFwdReg(ports, power, regmode);
OnRevReg(ports, power, regmode);
OnFwdSync(ports, power, turnpct);
OnRevSync(ports, power, turnpct);
CoastEx(ports, reset);
OffEx(ports, reset);
OnFwdEx(ports, power, reset);
OnRevEx(ports, power, reset);
OnFwdRegEx(ports, power, regmode, reset);
OnRevRegEx(ports, power, regmode, reset);
OnFwdSyncEx(ports, power, turnpct, reset);
OnRevSyncEx(ports, power, turnpct, reset);
RotateMotor(ports, power, angle);
RotateMotorEx(ports, power, angle, turnpct, sync, stop);
RotateMotorPID(ports, power, angle, p, i, d);
RotateMotorExPID(ports, power, angle, turnpct, sync, stop, p, i, d);

SetOutput(ports, field1, value1, ..., fieldN, valueN);

val = GetOutput(port, field);
val = MotorMode(p);
val = MotorPower(p);
val = MotorActualSpeed(p);
val = MotorTachoCount(p);
val = MotorTachoLimit(p);
val = MotorRunState(p);
val = MotorTurnRatio(p);
val = MotorRegulation(p);
val = MotorOverload(p);
val = MotorRegPValue(p);
val = MotorRegIValue(p);
val = MotorRegDValue(p);
val = MotorBlockTachoCount(p);
val = MotorRotationCount(p);

ResetTachoCount(ports);
ResetBlockTachoCount(ports);
ResetRotationCount(ports);
ResetAllTachoCounts(ports);

PlayFile(filename);
PlayFileEx(filename, volume, loop);
PlayTone(frequency, duration);
PlayToneEx(frequency, duration, volume, loop);
val = SoundFlags();
val = SoundState();
StopSound();

val = Random(); // signed word value
val = Random(max); // unsigned word value

start taskname;
ExitTo(taskname);
Stop(bvalue);

val = abs(n);
val = sign(n);

val = StrToNum(str);
val = StrLen(str);
val = StrIndex(str, idx);

str = NumToStr(num);
str = StrCat(str1, str2, ..., strN);
str = SubStr(string, idx, len);
str = StrReplace(string, idx, strnew);
str = Flatten(num);
str = ByteArrayToStr(a);

ByteArrayToStrEx(a, s);
StrToByteArray(s, a);
num = ArrayLen(a);
ArrayInit(a, val, cnt);
ArraySubset(aout, asrc, idx, len);
ArrayBuild(aout, src1, ..., srcN);

GetLSInputBuffer(p, offset, cnt, data);
GetLSOutputBuffer(p, offset, cnt, data);
GetDisplayNormal(x, line, cnt, data);
GetDisplayPopup(x, line, cnt, data);
GetBTInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetBTOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetHSInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetHSOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetUSBInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetUSBOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
GetUSBPollBuffer(offset, cnt, data);

str = BTDeviceName(p);
str = BTConnectionName(p);
str = BTConnectionPinCode(p);
str = BrickDataName();

GetBTDeviceAddress(p, data);
GetBTConnectionAddress(p, data);
GetBrickDataAddress(data);

val = SoundFrequency();
val = SoundDuration();
val = SoundSampleRate();
val = SoundMode();
val = SoundVolume();

val = ButtonPressCount(b);
val = ButtonLongPressCount(b);
val = ButtonShortReleaseCount(b);
val = ButtonLongReleaseCount(b);
val = ButtonReleaseCount(b);
val = ButtonState(b);

val = CommandFlags();
val = UIState();
val = UIButton();
val = VMRunState();
val = BatteryState();
val = BluetoothState();
val = UsbState();
val = SleepTimeout();
val = SleepTimer();
val = RechargeableBattery();
val = Volume();
val = OnBrickProgramPointer();

val = CustomSensorZeroOffset(p);
val = CustomSensorPercentFullScale(p);
val = CustomSensorActiveStatus(p);
val = SensorBoolean(p);
val = SensorDigiPinsDirection(p);
val = SensorDigiPinsStatus(p);
val = SensorDigiPinsOutputLevel(p);

val = MotorPwnFreq();

val = LSInputBufferInPtr(p);
val = LSInputBufferOutPtr(p);
val = LSInputBufferBytesToRx(p);
val = LSOutputBufferInPtr(p);
val = LSOutputBufferOutPtr(p);
val = LSOutputBufferBytesToRx(p);
val = LSMode(p);
val = LSChannelState(p);
val = LSErrorType(p);
val = LSState();
val = LSSpeed();

val = DisplayEraseMask();
val = DisplayUpdateMask();
val = DisplayDisplay();
val = DisplayFlags();
val = DisplayTextLinesCenterFlags();

val = BTDeviceClass(p);
val = BTDeviceStatus(p);
val = BTConnectionClass(p);
val = BTConnectionHandleNum(p);
val = BTConnectionStreamStatus(p);
val = BTConnectionLinkQuality(p);
val = BrickDataBluecoreVersion();
val = BrickDataBtStateStatus();
val = BrickDataBtHardwareStatus();
val = BrickDataTimeoutValue();
val = BTInputBufferInPtr();
val = BTInputBufferOutPtr();
val = BTOutputBufferInPtr();
val = BTOutputBufferOutPtr();
val = HSInputBufferInPtr();
val = HSInputBufferOutPtr();
val = HSOutputBufferInPtr();
val = HSOutputBufferOutPtr();
val = USBInputBufferInPtr();
val = USBInputBufferOutPtr();
val = USBOutputBufferInPtr();
val = USBOutputBufferOutPtr();
val = USBPollBufferInPtr();
val = USBPollBufferOutPtr();
val = BTDeviceCount();
val = BTDeviceNameCount();
val = HSFlags();
val = HSSpeed();
val = HSState();
val = USBState();

SetSoundFrequency(n);
SetSoundDuration(n);
SetSoundSampleRate(n);
SetSoundFlags(n);
SetSoundState(n);
SetSoundMode(n);
SetSoundVolume(n);

SetCommandFlags(n);
SetUIState(n);
SetUIButton(n);
SetVMRunState(n);
SetBatteryState(n);
SetBluetoothState(n);
SetUsbState(n);
SetSleepTimeout(n);
SetSleepTimer(n);
SetVolume(n);
SetOnBrickProgramPointer(n);
ForceOff(n);

SetCustomSensorZeroOffset(p, n);
SetCustomSensorPercentFullScale(p, n);
SetCustomSensorActiveStatus(p, n);
SetSensorBoolean(p, n);
SetSensorDigiPinsDirection(p, n);
SetSensorDigiPinsStatus(p, n);
SetSensorDigiPinsOutputLevel(p, n);

SetMotorPwnFreq(n);

SetLSInputBuffer(p, offset, cnt, data);
SetLSInputBufferInPtr(p, n);
SetLSInputBufferOutPtr(p, n);
SetLSInputBufferBytesToRx(p, n);
SetLSOutputBuffer(p, offset, cnt, data);
SetLSOutputBufferInPtr(p, n);
SetLSOutputBufferOutPtr(p, n);
SetLSOutputBufferBytesToRx(p, n);
SetLSMode(p, n);
SetLSChannelState(p, n);
SetLSErrorType(p, n);
SetLSState(n);
SetLSSpeed(n);

SetDisplayEraseMask(n);
SetDisplayUpdateMask(n);
SetDisplayDisplay(n);
SetDisplayFlags(n);
SetDisplayTextLinesCenterFlags(n);
SetDisplayNormal(x, line, cnt, data);
SetDisplayPopup(x, line, cnt, data);

SetBTDeviceName(p, str);
SetBTDeviceAddress(p, addr);
SetBTConnectionName(p, str);
SetBTConnectionPinCode(p, code);
SetBTConnectionAddress(p, addr);
SetBrickDataName(str);
SetBrickDataAddress(p, addr);
SetBTDeviceClass(p, n);
SetBTDeviceStatus(p, n);
SetBTConnectionClass(p, n);
SetBTConnectionHandleNum(p, n);
SetBTConnectionStreamStatus(p, n);
SetBTConnectionLinkQuality(p, n);
SetBrickDataBluecoreVersion(n);
SetBrickDataBtStateStatus(n);
SetBrickDataBtHardwareStatus(n);
SetBrickDataTimeoutValue(n);
SetBTInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetBTInputBufferInPtr(n);
SetBTInputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetBTOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetBTOutputBufferInPtr(n);
SetBTOutputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetHSInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetHSInputBufferInPtr(n);
SetHSInputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetHSOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetHSOutputBufferInPtr(n);
SetHSOutputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetUSBInputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetUSBInputBufferInPtr(n);
SetUSBInputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetUSBOutputBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetUSBOutputBufferInPtr(n);
SetUSBOutputBufferOutPtr(n);
SetUSBPollBuffer(offset, cnt, data);
SetUSBPollBufferInPtr(n);
SetUSBPollBufferOutPtr(n);
SetBTDeviceCount(n);
SetBTDeviceNameCount(n);
SetHSFlags(n);
SetHSSpeed(n);
SetHSState(n);
SetUSBState(n);

val = CreateFile(fname, fsize, handle);
val = OpenFileAppend(fname, fsize, handle);
val = OpenFileRead(fname, fsize, handle);
val = CloseFile(handle);
val = ResolveHandle(fname, handle, writeable);
val = RenameFile(oldname, newname);
val = DeleteFile(fname);
val = Read(handle, n);
val = ReadLn(handle, n);
val = ReadBytes(handle, len, buf);
val = Write(handle, n);
val = WriteLn(handle, n);
val = WriteString(handle, str, cnt);
val = WriteLnString(handle, str, cnt);
val = WriteBytes(handle, buf, cnt);
val = WriteBytesEx(handle, len, buf);

val = SendMessage(queue, msg);
val = ReceiveMessage(queue, clear, msg);

val = LowspeedStatus(port, bready);
val = LowspeedBytesReady(port);
val = LowspeedCheckStatus(port);
val = LowspeedWrite(port, retlen, buffer);
val = LowspeedRead(port, buflen, buffer);

val = I2CStatus(port, bready);
val = I2CBytesReady(port);
val = I2CCheckStatus(port);
val = I2CWrite(port, retlen, buffer);
val = I2CRead(port, buflen, buffer);
val = I2CBytes(port, inbuf, count, outbuf)

val = BluetoothStatus(conn);
val = BluetoothWrite(conn, buffer);

result = ReceiveRemoteBool(queue, clear, bval);
result = ReceiveRemoteNumber(queue, clear, val);
result = ReceiveRemoteString(queue, clear, str);
result = ReceiveRemoteMessageEx(queue, clear, str, val, bval);
result = SendRemoteBool(conn, queue, bval);
result = SendRemoteNumber(conn, queue, val);
result = SendRemoteString(conn, queue, str);
result = SendResponseBool(queue, bval);
result = SendResponseNumber(queue, val);
result = SendResponseString(queue, str);

result = RemoteMessageRead(conn, queue);
result = RemoteMessageWrite(conn, queue, msg); // alias for SendRemoteString
result = RemoteStartProgram(conn, filename);
result = RemoteStopProgram(conn);
result = RemotePlaySoundFile(conn, filename, bloop);
result = RemotePlayTone(conn, frequency, duration);
result = RemoteStopSound(conn);
result = RemoteKeepAlive(conn);
result = RemoteResetScaledValue(conn, port);
result = RemoteResetMotorPosition(conn, port, brelative);
result = RemoteSetInputMode(conn, port, type, mode);
result = RemoteSetOutputState(conn, port, speed, mode, regmode, turnpct, runstate, tacholimit);

result = Sqrt(X);
result = Sin(X);
result = Cos(X);
result = Asin(X);
result = Acos(X);

SysCall(func, args);

SysFileOpenRead(FileOpenType & args);
SysFileOpenWrite(FileOpenType & args);
SysFileOpenAppend(FileOpenType & args);
SysFileRead(FileReadWriteType & args);
SysFileWrite(FileReadWriteType & args);
SysFileClose(FileCloseType & args);
SysFileResolveHandle(FileResolveHandleType & args);
SysFileRename(FileRenameType & args);
SysFileDelete(FileDeleteType & args);

SysSoundPlayFile(SoundPlayFileType & args);
SysSoundPlayTone(SoundPlayToneType & args);
SysSoundGetState(SoundGetStateType & args);
SysSoundSetState(SoundSetStateType & args);

SysDrawText(DrawTextType & args);
SysDrawPoint(DrawPointType & args);
SysDrawLine(DrawLineType & args);
SysDrawCircle(DrawCircleType & args);
SysDrawRect(DrawRectType & args);
SysDrawGraphic(DrawGraphicType & args);
SysSetScreenMode(SetScreenModeType & args);

SysReadButton(ReadButtonType & args);

SysCommLSWrite(CommLSWriteType & args);
SysCommLSRead(CommLSReadType & args);
SysCommLSCheckStatus(CommLSCheckStatusType & args);

SysRandomNumber(RandomNumberType & args);

SysGetStartTick(GetStartTickType & args);

SysMessageWrite(MessageWriteType & args);
SysMessageRead(MessageReadType & args);

SysCommBTWrite(CommBTWriteType & args);
SysCommBTCheckStatus(CommBTCheckStatusType & args);

SysKeepAlive(KeepAliveType & args);

SysIOMapRead(IOMapReadType & args);
SysIOMapWrite(IOMapWriteType & args);

SysIOMapReadByID(IOMapReadByIDType & args);
SysIOMapWriteByID(IOMapWriteByIDType & args);

SysDisplayExecuteFunction(DisplayExecuteFunctionType & args);
SysCommExecuteFunction(CommExecuteFunctionType & args);
SysLoaderExecuteFunction(LoaderExecuteFunctionType & args);

You can find NXC at http://bricxcc.sourceforge.net/nxc/.